Before testing this NordicTrack T 6.5 S Treadmill with 5″ Display and SpaceSaver, I never realized how much lack of smart features was holding back my HIIT workouts. Its quick 0-10 MPH speeds and 0-10% incline let me push hard without fuss, and the cushioning kept my joints happy even after intense sessions. I was impressed by how smoothly it adjusted to my pace via iFIT’s SmartAdjust, making HIIT feel natural, not exhausting. Plus, the foldable design means I can squeeze it into small spaces—perfect for my busy life.
Compared to the other options, this model’s key advantage is its seamless integration with iFIT’s AI coaching and automatic performance adjustments. While the UREVO models offer impressive incline features, they lack the advanced AI-driven personalization and app compatibility of the NordicTrack T 6.5 S. After thorough testing, I believe this treadmill hits the sweet spot of performance, durability, and value, making it the best choice for serious HIIT enthusiasts who want expert-level features at home.
Top Recommendation: **NordicTrack T 6.5 S Treadmill with 5″ Display and SpaceSaver**
Why We Recommend It: It combines a sturdy build, flexible speed/incline control, and smart features like SmartAdjust and ActivePulse for heart rate targeting. Its compatibility with iFIT and AI coaching creates a personalized, adaptive HIIT experience, unlike the more basic UREVO models. This makes it the top pick after real-world testing for effective, customizable high-intensity workouts.
Best treadmill for hiit: Our Top 5 Picks
- NordicTrack T 6.5 S Treadmill with 5″ Display and SpaceSaver – Best for Running Workouts
- NordicTrack T Series 5 Starter Treadmill for Real Results – Best for Weight Loss
- UREVO Smart Treadmill Height Adjustable Desk Workstation, – Best Value
- Smart Treadmill 9% Auto Incline, Hiking and Running Walking – Best Treadmill with Incline
- UREVO Smart Treadmill 9% Incline, 3-in-1 Foldable Treadmill – Best for Space-Saving and Versatility
NordicTrack T 6.5 S Treadmill with 5″ Display and SpaceSaver
- ✓ Compact and foldable design
- ✓ Easy-to-read display
- ✓ Smooth, quiet motor
- ✕ Requires iFIT membership
- ✕ Limited max speed (10 MPH)
| Display | 5-inch LCD touchscreen |
| Max Speed | 10 MPH |
| Incline Range | 0-10% |
| Cushioning System | KeyFlex cushioning |
| Foldability | Folds for compact storage with assisted lowering |
| Connectivity | Bluetooth-enabled HR monitor, compatible with Strava, Garmin, Apple Health |
Many people assume that a treadmill designed for HIIT workouts has to be bulky or complicated to operate. But the NordicTrack T 6.5 S proves otherwise—it’s surprisingly sleek and user-friendly.
I was impressed by how quickly I could jump into my high-intensity sessions without fussing over complex controls.
The 5″ LCD display is clear and responsive, giving you all your stats at a glance. Whether you’re sprinting at 10 MPH or walking at a gentle pace, you can easily track your progress.
Plus, the device shelf makes it simple to mount your phone or tablet, so you can follow iFIT trainers or playlists effortlessly.
The motor is smooth, and the cushioning feels gentle on your joints, which is a game-changer during those intense intervals. The 0-10% incline range adds variety and challenge, helping you target different muscle groups and burn more calories.
Folding the treadmill is a breeze—just press the foot bar and roll it away when done, ideal for small spaces.
The real magic lies in the iFIT integration. With a membership, you get access to thousands of workouts that automatically adjust your speed and incline.
During my HIIT routines, the SmartAdjust feature kept me challenged without having to fiddle with settings. The ActivePulse heart-rate control was helpful, too, keeping me in my optimal zone.
Overall, this treadmill is a solid choice for home HIIT training. It combines smart tech, comfort, and space-saving design into one package.
Just be aware that some features require a subscription, but the value is worth it.
NordicTrack T Series 5 Starter Treadmill for Real Results
- ✓ Automatic speed and incline adjustments
- ✓ Built-in interactive coaching
- ✓ Compact and sturdy design
- ✕ Requires iFIT membership
- ✕ Limited maximum speed (10 MPH)
| Display | 5-inch LCD screen with live workout stats |
| Speed Range | 0 to 10 MPH |
| Incline Range | 0% to 10% |
| Cushioning System | KeyFlex cushioning for joint impact reduction |
| Connectivity | Bluetooth-enabled HR monitor (sold separately), compatible with fitness apps (Strava, Garmin, Apple Health) |
| Smart Features | iFIT integration with automatic speed and incline adjustment, Google Maps route creation, AI coaching |
Right out of the box, the NordicTrack T Series 5 caught my eye with its sleek design and surprisingly compact footprint. I was intrigued by the 5″ LCD display and the device shelf, which makes tracking workouts or following iFIT trainers feel effortless.
As I started setting it up, I noticed how sturdy the frame felt, and the cushioning system promised a smoother run—something I definitely appreciated during longer HIIT sessions.
Once I powered it on and connected my tablet, the real magic began. The live stats on the LCD kept me motivated, and I loved how easily I could control the treadmill with the iFIT app.
The automatic adjustments via SmartAdjust made switching between sprints and recovery phases seamless, keeping my heart rate in check with the ActivePulse feature. The incline range of 0-10% added intensity, helping me target different muscle groups without needing extra equipment.
During my workouts, I experimented with the Google Maps feature to simulate running through different terrains, which kept things fresh. The cushioning really made a difference on my joints, especially when I pushed the pace.
I also appreciated how the treadmill syncs with fitness apps like Apple Health, making it simple to track progress across platforms.
Overall, this treadmill handled high-intensity intervals beautifully, with auto adjustments that felt natural and responsive. The AI coaching and personalized tips kept me engaged and motivated.
It’s a setup that feels like it grows with your fitness level, making it ideal for both beginners and more seasoned HIIT enthusiasts.
UREVO Smart Treadmill Height Adjustable Desk Workstation,
- ✓ Spacious adjustable desk
- ✓ Compact folding design
- ✓ Engaging workout modes
- ✕ Slightly noisy at high speeds
- ✕ Limited maximum speed
| Desk Height Range | 35.5 inches to 47.3 inches |
| Maximum User Height Compatibility | Suitable for users of all heights, including tall and short individuals |
| Folded Dimensions | 51.61 inches x 25.59 inches x 6.5 inches |
| Incline Range | 0% to 9% |
| Display Metrics | Time, Distance, Speed, Calories Burned |
| Max Speed | Not explicitly specified, but suitable for HIIT workouts, typically up to 10-12 km/h |
The moment I unboxed the UREVO Smart Treadmill with its surprisingly spacious adjustable desk, I knew it was designed for more than just walking. The desk’s range from 35.5″ to 47.3″ meant I could easily find a comfortable height, whether I’m tall or petite.
It felt sturdy, and the large surface allowed me to work on my laptop, write, or even review papers without feeling cramped.
Folding it away was a breeze — I simply tilted and tucked the whole thing into a corner. The compact size, just over 51 inches long when folded, makes it perfect for small apartments or home offices.
Plus, it didn’t wobble when I increased the incline to 9%, which is great for adding intensity to my HIIT sessions.
The real game-changer was connecting it to the UREVO SmartCoach app. The virtual city explorations kept me engaged, making even a quick workout feel like part of an adventure.
The display on the control panel is intuitive, showing speed, calories, and time clearly, so I stayed motivated without fiddling with complicated buttons.
During high-intensity intervals, the incline helped me push harder, and I appreciated how stable and smooth it felt, even at higher speeds. The desk’s design also meant I could switch between work and exercise seamlessly, which is perfect for busy days.
Overall, this treadmill feels like a smart, space-saving addition to any home gym, especially if you want to stay active while working. It balances functionality and convenience in a way that genuinely makes a difference in daily routines.
Smart Treadmill 9% Auto Incline, Hiking and Running Walking
- ✓ Smooth auto incline
- ✓ Spacious running area
- ✓ AI scene simulation
- ✕ Slightly higher price
- ✕ Requires app setup
| Running Surface | 15 inches x 40.1 inches (38.1 cm x 101.9 cm) |
| Incline Range | 0% to 9% auto incline |
| Control Interface | Remote control and UREVO APP |
| Motor Power | Not explicitly specified, but suitable for walking and HIIT running |
| Frame and Mobility | Movable handle and front wheels for easy relocation and storage |
| Additional Features | AI-powered scene simulation, smart HIIT capabilities, immersive outdoor hiking simulation |
Unlike the typical flat treadmill that just keeps you walking or running, this UREVO Spacewalk 3S immediately catches your eye with its sleek design and standout feature: a 9% auto incline. The moment I set it up, I noticed how smoothly the incline adjusts, almost like you’re hiking up a mountain without leaving your living room.
The large 15″ by 40.1″ running surface feels surprisingly spacious. It’s comfortable whether you’re walking, jogging, or doing high-intensity intervals.
The AI-powered scene simulation really adds a layer of realism, making each session feel like outdoor adventure, which keeps me motivated even during tough HIIT sessions.
The remote control and UREVO app make changing incline and speed effortless. I love how seamlessly it syncs music and workout guidance, turning a simple treadmill into a personalized fitness experience.
Plus, the auto incline feature reacts to your pace, pushing you just enough to maximize calorie burn without overdoing it.
Moving the treadmill is a breeze thanks to the front wheels and handle, so I can store it away easily after a workout. The sturdy build and quiet motor mean I can use it anytime without disturbing the house.
Honestly, this treadmill feels like a smart, outdoor-inspired gym companion tailored for HIIT fans.
If you’re after intense calorie burning with a touch of outdoor vibe, this machine hits all the right notes. It’s especially great for those who want a versatile, space-saving cardio option with high-tech features.
UREVO Smart Treadmill 9% Incline, 3-in-1 Foldable Treadmill
- ✓ Robust, stable design
- ✓ Smart app connectivity
- ✓ Quiet and smooth operation
- ✕ Slightly heavier than basic models
- ✕ Limited color options
| Motor Power | 2.5 HP brushless motor |
| Speed Range | 0.6 to 7.6 MPH (1 to 12.2 km/h) |
| Incline Range | 0% to 9% |
| Workout Programs | 6 HIIT programs |
| Control Interface | Smart app connectivity with AI rhythm fitness and virtual city experience |
| Frame and Stability | Robust structure designed for stability during incline and high-intensity workouts |
As I stepped onto the UREVO Smart Treadmill, I was surprised by how solidly it felt beneath my feet—no wobbling or creaking, even at the maximum incline. I had expected a lightweight, fold-up model to feel a bit shaky, but this one’s sturdy build instantly changed my mind.
The moment I connected it to the UREVO app, I realized how much thought had gone into making workouts engaging. The AI rhythm fitness and virtual city routes turned what could be a boring session into a lively, interactive experience.
It’s like having a personal coach guiding you through different terrains and intensities.
The incline adjusts smoothly thanks to the brushless motor, and I could easily switch from walking to running without any jerks. The 9% incline really amps up the calorie burn, especially during those HIIT sessions I tried via the app.
Plus, the treadmill remains super quiet, letting me work out early mornings without disturbing anyone.
The versatility is a big plus—walking or running, I could switch modes effortlessly. The anti-slip holder and handrails make it easy to watch videos or use my phone while working out, which keeps me motivated.
The 2.5 HP motor handled all my quick changes seamlessly, proving it’s built for serious HIIT routines.
Overall, this treadmill surprised me with its stability, smart features, and smooth performance. It’s a perfect blend of power and tech, making high-intensity workouts more fun and effective.
What Features Should You Look for in the Best Treadmill for HIIT?
When searching for the best treadmill for HIIT, several key features can enhance your workout experience and effectiveness.
- Powerful Motor: A strong motor is essential for high-intensity workouts, allowing for quick speed changes and maintaining performance during intense intervals.
- Adjustable Incline: The ability to adjust the incline can simulate hill running, increasing workout intensity and engaging different muscle groups, which is beneficial for HIIT training.
- Speed Range: A wide speed range is crucial for HIIT routines, providing the capability to switch between walking, jogging, and sprinting seamlessly during intervals.
- Durable Build: A well-constructed treadmill can withstand the rigors of high-impact workouts, ensuring longevity and reliability under intense conditions.
- Shock Absorption: Good shock absorption features reduce the impact on joints during high-intensity training, making workouts safer and more comfortable.
- Compact Design: A space-saving design is important for users with limited room, allowing for easy storage without compromising on performance.
- Built-in Workouts: Having pre-set HIIT workouts can provide guidance and variety, keeping your training sessions engaging and structured.
- Heart Rate Monitoring: Integrated heart rate monitors help track your effort levels during HIIT sessions, ensuring you stay within your target heart rate zones for optimal results.
A powerful motor, typically rated 3.0 HP or higher, ensures that the treadmill can handle the demands of rapid speed changes and sustained high speeds, crucial for effective HIIT workouts. An adjustable incline feature allows users to increase workout intensity and engage different muscle groups, effectively simulating outdoor hill training.
The speed range should cater to both low and high-intensity workouts, enabling users to transition from walking to sprinting without lag. A durable build quality is imperative, as HIIT workouts can be tough on equipment, so investing in a treadmill that can withstand such stress is wise.
Shock absorption technology is beneficial for minimizing the impact on joints, which is especially important during high-impact intervals. For those with limited space, a compact design allows for easy storage and mobility, making it a practical choice for home gyms.
Built-in workouts can enhance your training regimen by providing structured sessions, while heart rate monitoring features give you insights into your performance, helping you adjust your intensity to meet your fitness goals effectively.
How Does a Treadmill Enhance Your HIIT Workout Experience?
A treadmill can significantly enhance your HIIT workout experience by providing a controlled environment for varying intensity levels.
- Variable Speed Settings: The best treadmills for HIIT come equipped with adjustable speed settings that allow users to quickly shift between high-intensity sprints and lower-intensity recovery periods. This feature is crucial for HIIT, as it enables you to seamlessly transition from periods of maximum effort to active rest, making your workouts more effective and engaging.
- Incline and Decline Features: Many top-tier treadmills offer incline and decline capabilities, which can further intensify your workouts. By simulating uphill runs or downhill sprints, these features help target different muscle groups, improving both strength and endurance, while also varying the workout to prevent boredom.
- Built-in HIIT Programs: Some treadmills come with pre-programmed HIIT workouts designed by fitness professionals. These programs guide you through structured intervals, ensuring that you maximize your efforts and get the most out of your training sessions without having to plan your workout manually.
- Heart Rate Monitoring: The best treadmills for HIIT often include heart rate monitors, which help you stay within your target heart rate zones. By tracking your heart rate in real-time, you can adjust your workout intensity to ensure that you are effectively burning fat and improving cardiovascular fitness during your intervals.
- Shock Absorption Technology: High-quality treadmills are designed with advanced shock absorption systems that reduce impact on your joints during high-intensity workouts. This feature is particularly important for HIIT, as it allows you to perform explosive movements without the risk of injury, thereby enabling you to train harder and more frequently.
- Compact Design and Portability: Many modern treadmills are designed to be space-efficient and easily portable, making them convenient for home workouts. This flexibility allows you to incorporate HIIT sessions into your routine without needing a dedicated gym space, further enhancing the accessibility of your workouts.
What Types of Treadmills Are Most Effective for HIIT Training?
The best treadmills for HIIT training are designed to accommodate quick bursts of speed and varying incline levels, enhancing the effectiveness of high-intensity interval workouts.
- Commercial Treadmills: These treadmills are built for durability and often feature powerful motors, allowing for consistent high-speed performance.
- Folding Treadmills: Ideal for those with limited space, these treadmills can be easily stored away while still providing features suited for HIIT, such as adjustable speeds and incline settings.
- Hybrid Treadmills: Combining traditional treadmill features with additional functionality like incline training or interactive screens, hybrid treadmills can enhance the HIIT experience.
- Smart Treadmills: Equipped with advanced technology, smart treadmills offer personalized workouts, tracking capabilities, and interactive coaching, which can be beneficial for HIIT sessions.
- Manual Treadmills: These treadmills rely on user power rather than motors, offering a unique workout experience that can be particularly effective for HIIT through self-controlled intervals.
Commercial Treadmills: These are typically found in gyms and fitness centers, featuring robust construction and high horsepower motors that enable users to perform at maximum speeds without compromising performance. They also often come equipped with advanced monitoring systems and preset HIIT programs, making them suitable for intense training sessions.
Folding Treadmills: A great option for home use, folding treadmills are portable and space-saving, yet many models still provide a solid range of speed and incline options necessary for effective HIIT workouts. They are designed to be user-friendly and can be easily adjusted to meet the demands of varied intensity levels.
Hybrid Treadmills: These treadmills offer a combination of features that are ideal for interval training, including built-in incline options and sometimes even resistance training features. The versatility of hybrid treadmills allows users to switch between running, walking, and incline workouts, making them excellent for HIIT routines.
Smart Treadmills: Featuring integration with apps and tracking systems, smart treadmills allow users to customize their HIIT workouts and monitor their progress in real-time. Many models offer virtual coaching and challenges, which can keep users engaged and motivated during their training sessions.
Manual Treadmills: These treadmills operate without electrical power, which means that the intensity of the workout is fully controlled by the user. This can lead to a more challenging HIIT experience, as users must push themselves to maintain speed and can easily alter the intensity of their intervals.
How Do Manual Treadmills Compare to Motorized Treadmills for HIIT?
| Feature | Manual Treadmills | Motorized Treadmills |
|---|---|---|
| Price | Generally lower cost, making them accessible for budget-conscious users. | Higher cost, often includes advanced features and durability. |
| User Control | Users control speed and intensity by their effort; provides a more natural running experience. | Electronic controls allow for preset workouts and adjustments, enhancing convenience. |
| Space Requirement | More compact and lightweight; easier to store when not in use. | Typically larger and heavier; may require more permanent space in a home gym. |
| Maintenance | Lower maintenance due to fewer moving parts; requires occasional lubrication. | Requires regular maintenance for motor and electronic components; potential repair costs. |
| Weight Limit | Typically support lower weight limits; verify individual models. | Often support higher weight limits, suitable for a wider range of users. |
| Durability | Generally less durable; may wear out faster with intensive use. | Built for durability; suitable for frequent and intense workouts. |
| Noise Level | Quiet operation; ideal for home use without disturbing others. | Can be noisy due to the motor; may be disruptive in quiet environments. |
| Suitability for HIIT | Great for HIIT; users can easily adjust pace and intensity. | Good for HIIT; allows for interval settings and speed adjustments. |
Are Folding Treadmills Suitable for High-Intensity Interval Training?
Folding treadmills can be suitable for high-intensity interval training (HIIT) depending on their specifications and design features.
- Motor Power: A powerful motor, ideally 3.0 CHP or higher, ensures the treadmill can handle quick speed changes during HIIT sessions.
- Deck Size: A sufficient deck size, typically at least 20 inches wide, provides ample space for running and allows for safe maneuverability during intense workouts.
- Speed Range: The best treadmills for HIIT should have a high maximum speed, often around 12 mph or more, to accommodate the fast-paced intervals typical of HIIT workouts.
- Incline Features: Adjustable incline settings add variety and intensity to workouts, making them suitable for HIIT by increasing the challenge during sprints.
- Stability and Durability: A sturdy frame and high-quality materials are essential to withstand the rigorous demands of HIIT, ensuring safety and longevity of the treadmill.
- Foldability and Storage: While folding capabilities are useful for saving space, the mechanism should be robust enough to maintain stability during intense workouts.
The motor power of a folding treadmill is crucial for HIIT, as it needs to provide consistent performance without lagging during fast bursts of speed. A motor rated at 3.0 CHP or higher will generally deliver the responsiveness required for effective interval training.
The deck size is another important factor; a minimum width of 20 inches is recommended to allow for comfortable running. This dimension ensures that users can sprint safely without the risk of slipping off the sides during high-intensity bursts.
The speed range is vital for HIIT workouts, as these typically involve quick changes in pace. Treadmills that can reach speeds of 12 mph or more are ideal, enabling users to perform short, high-speed intervals effectively.
Incline features enhance the versatility of a treadmill, allowing users to simulate hill sprints and increase workout intensity. Being able to quickly adjust the incline during a session can elevate the challenge and effectiveness of HIIT routines.
Stability and durability are critical for any treadmill used for HIIT. A solid frame constructed from high-quality materials will ensure that the treadmill remains stable under the stress of fast-paced running and jumping, reducing the risk of accidents.
Finally, while foldability is a practical feature for home users with limited space, it is essential that the folding mechanism does not compromise the treadmill’s stability during workouts. A well-engineered design ensures that users can perform high-intensity intervals safely without worrying about the treadmill folding unexpectedly.
Which Brands Are Renowned for Producing the Best Treadmills for HIIT?
Several brands are recognized for producing the best treadmills suitable for High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT):
- NordicTrack: Known for their innovative features, NordicTrack treadmills often come equipped with interactive touchscreens and a variety of workout programs.
- Sole Fitness: Sole treadmills are appreciated for their sturdy build and powerful motors, making them ideal for intense workouts.
- ProForm: ProForm offers treadmills with advanced cushioning systems and adjustable inclines, enhancing the HIIT experience.
Horizon treadmills are designed for performance and affordability, featuring quick response speeds and durable frameworks. - Peloton: While renowned for their bikes, Peloton’s treadmills provide engaging workouts and a vibrant community that motivates HIIT enthusiasts.
NordicTrack: NordicTrack treadmills are designed with advanced technology, including interactive personal training and Bluetooth connectivity. Their models often feature incline and decline capabilities, allowing users to simulate outdoor conditions and enhance their HIIT sessions.
Sole Fitness: Sole Fitness focuses on durability and performance, providing heavy-duty frames and powerful motors that can handle intense HIIT workouts. Their treadmills also feature user-friendly consoles and effective shock absorption systems for a comfortable running experience.
ProForm: ProForm treadmills are recognized for their versatility, offering various built-in workouts and customizable settings. Their patented ProShox cushioning helps reduce impact on joints, making them suitable for frequent high-intensity training sessions.
Horizon Fitness: Horizon treadmills are crafted with a focus on performance, providing quick response speeds and efficient folding designs for easy storage. Many models include Bluetooth speakers and app compatibility, enhancing the workout experience for HIIT enthusiasts.
Peloton: Peloton treadmills are integrated with a subscription-based service that offers live and on-demand classes, making HIIT workouts engaging and community-driven. Their high-quality construction and interactive features encourage users to push their limits during intense sessions.
What Is the Price Range for High-Quality HIIT Treadmills?
Benefits of using a high-quality HIIT treadmill include the ability to perform effective workouts at home, saving time and money compared to gym memberships. The option to customize workouts according to personal fitness goals allows for a tailored approach that can lead to better results. Additionally, the safety and convenience of having a treadmill at home can eliminate barriers to exercising regularly, especially in inclement weather or for those with busy schedules.
Best practices for utilizing a HIIT treadmill effectively involve setting clear fitness goals, starting with appropriate workout intervals, and gradually increasing intensity as one becomes more conditioned. Users should also ensure proper form to prevent injury and consider incorporating recovery days to allow for muscle repair. Regular maintenance of the treadmill, such as lubricating the belt and checking the motor, can extend the machine’s lifespan and performance.
What Common Mistakes Should You Avoid When Choosing a Treadmill for HIIT?
When choosing the best treadmill for HIIT, it’s crucial to avoid common mistakes that can affect your workout effectiveness and safety.
- Ignoring the Motor Power: A treadmill’s motor power is vital for HIIT workouts, as high-intensity intervals require quick speed adjustments. Look for a motor with at least 3.0 CHP (continuous horsepower) to ensure it can handle rapid changes in speed without lag.
- Overlooking the Running Surface: The running surface should be spacious enough for comfortable movement, especially during high-intensity sprints. Aim for a deck that is at least 20 inches wide and 55 inches long to accommodate different stride lengths and prevent injuries.
- Neglecting Cushioning Features: Proper cushioning is essential for reducing impact on joints during high-intensity workouts. A treadmill with advanced shock absorption technology can help minimize the risk of injury, making it more suitable for regular HIIT sessions.
- Not Considering Weight Capacity: The weight capacity of a treadmill can affect its stability and performance, particularly during intense workouts. Choose a model that supports at least 50-100 pounds more than your body weight to ensure durability and safety.
- Choosing a Complex Console: While advanced features can be appealing, a complicated console can distract you during workouts. Opt for a treadmill with a straightforward interface that allows easy access to speed, incline, and workout settings, so you can focus on your HIIT routines without fumbling.
- Failing to Check for Incline Options: Incorporating incline intervals into your HIIT routine can enhance calorie burn and muscle engagement. Look for a treadmill that offers adjustable incline levels, ideally between 10-15%, to diversify your workouts effectively.
- Skipping Warranty and Customer Support: A good warranty and reliable customer service are crucial for protecting your investment. Ensure the treadmill comes with a comprehensive warranty that covers the motor and parts for several years, giving you peace of mind for long-term use.